#!/usr/bin/env python
# Try to determine how much RAM is currently being used per program.
# Note per _program_, not per process. So for example this script
# will report RAM used by all httpd process together. In detail it reports:
# sum(private RAM for program processes) + sum(Shared RAM for program processes)
# The shared RAM is problematic to calculate, and this script automatically
# selects the most accurate method available for your kernel.
# Author: P@draigBrady.com
# Source: http://www.pixelbeat.org/scripts/ps_mem.py
# V1.0 06 Jul 2005 Initial release
# V1.1 11 Aug 2006 root permission required for accuracy
# V1.2 08 Nov 2006 Add total to output
# Use KiB,MiB,... for units rather than K,M,...
# V1.3 22 Nov 2006 Ignore shared col from /proc/$pid/statm for
# 2.6 kernels up to and including 2.6.9.
# There it represented the total file backed extent
# V1.4 23 Nov 2006 Remove total from output as it's meaningless
# (the shared values overlap with other programs).
# Display the shared column. This extra info is
# useful, especially as it overlaps between programs.
# V1.5 26 Mar 2007 Remove redundant recursion from human()
# V1.6 05 Jun 2007 Also report number of processes with a given name.
# Patch from riccardo.murri@gmail.com
# V1.7 20 Sep 2007 Use PSS from /proc/$pid/smaps if available, which
# fixes some over-estimation and allows totalling.
# Enumerate the PIDs directly rather than using ps,
# which fixes the possible race between reading
# RSS with ps, and shared memory with this program.
# Also we can show non truncated command names.
# V1.8 28 Sep 2007 More accurate matching for stats in /proc/$pid/smaps
# as otherwise could match libraries causing a crash.
# Patch from patrice.bouchand.fedora@gmail.com
# V1.9 20 Feb 2008 Fix invalid values reported when PSS is available.
# Reported by Andrey Borzenkov
# V2.0 15 Jan 2010 From a report by Brock Noland
# about overreporting of RAM usage of his java progs,
# handle linux clones that have pids. I.E. that have
# CLONE_VM specified without CLONE_THREAD.
# V2.1 20 Jan 2010 Append [deleted] or [updated] to programs which are
# no longer on disk or have a new version available.
# Add a --split-args option to group programs based
# on the full command line, which could be used
# to monitor separate "pmon" processes for example:
# ps_mem.py | grep [p]mon
# V2.2 16 Feb 2010 Support python 3.
# Patch from Brian Harring
# Notes:
#
# All interpreted programs where the interpreter is started
# by the shell or with env, will be merged to the interpreter
# (as that's what's given to exec). For e.g. all python programs
# starting with "#!/usr/bin/env python" will be grouped under python.
# You can change this by using the full command line but that will
# have the undesirable affect of splitting up programs started with
# differing parameters (for e.g. mingetty tty[1-6]).
#
# For 2.6 kernels up to and including 2.6.13 and later 2.4 redhat kernels
# (rmap vm without smaps) it can not be accurately determined how many pages
# are shared between processes in general or within a program in our case:
# http://lkml.org/lkml/2005/7/6/250
# A warning is printed if overestimation is possible.
# In addition for 2.6 kernels up to 2.6.9 inclusive, the shared
# value in /proc/$pid/statm is the total file-backed extent of a process.
# We ignore that, introducing more overestimation, again printing a warning.
# Since kernel 2.6.23-rc8-mm1 PSS is available in smaps, which allows
# us to calculate a more accurate value for the total RAM used by programs.
#
# Programs that use CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD are discounted by assuming
# they're the only programs that have the same /proc/$PID/smaps file for
# each instance. This will fail if there are multiple real instances of a
# program that then use CLONE_VM without CLONE_THREAD, or if a clone changes
# its memory map while we're checksumming each /proc/$PID/smaps.
#
# I don't take account of memory allocated for a program
# by other programs. For e.g. memory used in the X server for
# a program could be determined, but is not.
import sys, os, string
try:
# md5 module is deprecated on python 2.6
# so try the newer hashlib first
import hashlib
md5_new = hashlib.md5
except ImportError:
import md5
md5_new = md5.new
if os.geteuid() != 0:
sys.stderr.write("Sorry, root permission required.\n");
sys.exit(1)
split_args=False
if len(sys.argv)==2 and sys.argv[1] == "--split-args":
split_args = True
PAGESIZE=os.sysconf("SC_PAGE_SIZE")/1024 #KiB
our_pid=os.getpid()
#(major,minor,release)
def kernel_ver():
kv=open("/proc/sys/kernel/osrelease", "rt").readline().split(".")[:3]
for char in "-_":
kv[2]=kv[2].split(char)[0]
return (int(kv[0]), int(kv[1]), int(kv[2]))
kv=kernel_ver()
have_pss=0
#return Private,Shared
#Note shared is always a subset of rss (trs is not always)
def getMemStats(pid):
global have_pss
mem_id = pid #unique
Private_lines=[]
Shared_lines=[]
Pss_lines=[]
Rss=int(open("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/statm", "rt").readline().split()[1])*PAGESIZE
if os.path.exists("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/smaps"): #stat
digester = md5_new()
for line in open("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/smaps", "rb").readlines(): #open
# Note we checksum smaps as maps is usually but
# not always different for separate processes.
digester.update(line)
line = line.decode("ascii")
if line.startswith("Shared"):
Shared_lines.append(line)
elif line.startswith("Private"):
Private_lines.append(line)
elif line.startswith("Pss"):
have_pss=1
Pss_lines.append(line)
mem_id = digester.hexdigest()
Shared=sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Shared_lines])
Private=sum([int(line.split()[1]) for line in Private_lines])
#Note Shared + Private = Rss above
#The Rss in smaps includes video card mem etc.
if have_pss:
pss_adjust=0.5 #add 0.5KiB as this average error due to trunctation
Pss=sum([float(line.split()[1])+pss_adjust for line in Pss_lines])
Shared = Pss - Private
elif (2,6,1) <= kv <= (2,6,9):
Shared=0 #lots of overestimation, but what can we do?
Private = Rss
else:
Shared=int(open("/proc/"+str(pid)+"/statm", "rt").readline().split()[2])
Shared*=PAGESIZE
Private = Rss - Shared
return (Private, Shared, mem_id)
def getCmdName(pid):
cmdline = open("/proc/%d/cmdline" % pid, "rt").read().split("\0")
if cmdline[-1] == '' and len(cmdline) > 1:
cmdline = cmdline[:-1]
path = os.path.realpath("/proc/%d/exe" % pid) #exception for kernel threads
if split_args:
return " ".join(cmdline)
if path.endswith(" (deleted)"):
path = path[:-10]
if os.path.exists(path):
path += " [updated]"
else:
#The path could be have prelink stuff so try cmdline
#which might have the full path present. This helped for:
#/usr/libexec/notification-area-applet.#prelink#.fX7LCT (deleted)
if os.path.exists(cmdline[0]):
path = cmdline[0] + " [updated]"
else:
path += " [deleted]"
exe = os.path.basename(path)
cmd = open("/proc/%d/status" % pid, "rt").readline()[6:-1]
if exe.startswith(cmd):
cmd=exe #show non truncated version
#Note because we show the non truncated name
#one can have separated programs as follows:
#584.0 KiB + 1.0 MiB = 1.6 MiB mozilla-thunder (exe -> bash)
# 56.0 MiB + 22.2 MiB = 78.2 MiB mozilla-thunderbird-bin
return cmd
cmds={}
shareds={}
mem_ids={}
count={}
for pid in os.listdir("/proc/"):
if not pid.isdigit():
continue
pid = int(pid)
if pid == our_pid:
continue
try:
cmd = getCmdName(pid)
except:
#permission denied or
#kernel threads don't have exe links or
#process gone
continue
try:
private, shared, mem_id = getMemStats(pid)
except:
continue #process gone
if shareds.get(cmd):
if have_pss: #add shared portion of PSS together
shareds[cmd]+=shared
elif shareds[cmd] < shared: #just take largest shared val
shareds[cmd]=shared
else:
shareds[cmd]=shared
cmds[cmd]=cmds.setdefault(cmd,0)+private
if cmd in count:
count[cmd] += 1
else:
count[cmd] = 1
mem_ids.setdefault(cmd,{}).update({mem_id:None})
#Add shared mem for each program
total=0
for cmd in cmds:
cmd_count = count[cmd]
if len(mem_ids[cmd]) == 1 and cmd_count > 1:
# Assume this program is using CLONE_CM without CLONE_THREAD
# so only account for one of the processes
cmds[cmd] /= cmd_count
if have_pss:
shareds[cmd] /= cmd_count
cmds[cmd]=cmds[cmd]+shareds[cmd]
total+=cmds[cmd] #valid if PSS available
if sys.version_info >= (2, 6):
sort_list = sorted(cmds.items(), key=lambda x:x[1])
else:
sort_list = cmds.items()
sort_list.sort(lambda x,y:cmp(x[1],y[1]))
# list wrapping is redundant on
sort_list=list(filter(lambda x:x[1],sort_list)) #get rid of zero sized processes
#The following matches "du -h" output
#see also human.py
def human(num, power="Ki"):
powers=["Ki","Mi","Gi","Ti"]
while num >= 1000: #4 digits
num /= 1024.0
power=powers[powers.index(power)+1]
return "%.1f %s" % (num,power)
def cmd_with_count(cmd, count):
if count>1:
return "%s (%u)" % (cmd, count)
else:
return cmd
sys.stdout.write(" Private + Shared = RAM used\tProgram \n\n")
for cmd in sort_list:
sys.stdout.write("%8sB + %8sB = %8sB\t%s\n" % (human(cmd[1]-shareds[cmd[0]]),
human(shareds[cmd[0]]), human(cmd[1]),
cmd_with_count(cmd[0], count[cmd[0]])))
if have_pss:
sys.stdout.write("%s\n%s%8sB\n%s\n" % ("-" * 33,
" " * 24, human(total), "=" * 33))
sys.stdout.write("\n Private + Shared = RAM used\tProgram \n\n")
#Warn of possible inaccuracies
#2 = accurate & can total
#1 = accurate only considering each process in isolation
#0 = some shared mem not reported
#-1= all shared mem not reported
def shared_val_accuracy():
"""http://wiki.apache.org/spamassassin/TopSharedMemoryBug"""
if kv[:2] == (2,4):
if open("/proc/meminfo", "rt").read().find("Inact_") == -1:
return 1
return 0
elif kv[:2] == (2,6):
if os.path.exists("/proc/"+str(os.getpid())+"/smaps"):
if open("/proc/"+str(os.getpid())+"/smaps", "rt").read().find("Pss:")!=-1:
return 2
else:
return 1
if (2,6,1) <= kv <= (2,6,9):
return -1
return 0
else:
return 1
vm_accuracy = shared_val_accuracy()
if vm_accuracy == -1:
sys.stderr.write(
"Warning: Shared memory is not reported by this system.\n"
)
sys.stderr.write(
"Values reported will be too large, and totals are not reported\n"
)
elif vm_accuracy == 0:
sys.stderr.write(
"Warning: Shared memory is not reported accurately by this system.\n"
)
sys.stderr.write(
"Values reported could be too large, and totals are not reported\n"
)
elif vm_accuracy == 1:
sys.stderr.write(
"Warning: Shared memory is slightly over-estimated by this system\n"
"for each program, so totals are not reported.\n"
)
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